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How much SSD capacity should be?Do you need an HDD for a gaming PC?TEXT by Maruomasato
The second theme of the “Basic knowledge of PC parts” series is “storage”.This time, when selecting an SSD that records the application or data, the meaning of the specifications to be checked, the point of the choice to use SSD/HDD in the right place, and the SSD and HDD combination examined according to the use of self -made PCs.Introducing practical plans (SSD/HDD mechanisms and details of each part are explained here).
SSDやHDDはどう選んで組み合わせればいいの?・ SSD is determined by interface and NAND type. ・ SSD capacity can be used for a longer peak performance by looking at the room.SSD/HDD selection is convenient!
Where is the SSD grade and price difference?There are differences in interface and nominal performance, as well as the type of NAND, the presence or absence of DRAM cache, durability (TBW), and warranty period.Let's sort out points to determine the differences from specs sheets and product catalogs.
Western Digitalは、後述のHDDと同様、仕様と性能の違い(およびその違いから生まれる価格の差)や用途の違いを“色”で明示しており、非常に分かりやすい。エントリー向けの緑「WD Green」、幅広い層向けのスタンダードである青「WD Blue」、ゲーマーやクリエイター向けの黒「WD_BLACK」、そして高信頼性のNAS向けの赤「WD Red」の名前を冠する製品が登場しており、2,5インチまたはM.2のSerial ATA接続タイプ、M.2や拡張カード型のNVMeモデルなどをラインナップインターフェース | Serial ATAかPCI Express/NVMeかで基本性能の“上限”が定まる(PCI Expressの場合は世代間でも大きな差が付く)。HDDには十分な性能だったSerial ATAだが、圧倒的に高速なSSDには上限が低い。ただ、PCI Express/NVMeの製品でもすでにPCI Express 4.0の上限に早くも到達しそうだ |
パフォーマンスの指標 | シーケンシャルリード/ライト性能(1秒間に何MB転送できるかで表現されることが多い)、ランダムリード/ライト性能(特定条件で1秒間に何回読み書きできるかを示す“IOPS”という単位で表現されることが多い)は数値で整理されている。販売価格と並んで、製品選びで一番に気になる数値 |
NANDの種類 | NAND型フラッシュメモリは“メモリセル”と呼ばれる単位ごとに書き込み回数の上限があり、それを超えると書き込めなくなる。メモリセルにあたりに記録するデータの量が少ないほど、書き込み回数の上限は高く、性能(とくに書き込み)も高速で、価格は高価になる傾向にある。製品の位置付けや性格付けにつながる情報だが、製品によっては公式なデータが公開されていないことも。そのほかの仕様、専門誌などの実施したテストをもとに推測することが可能な場合もある |
DRAMキャッシュ | 搭載していると読み書きの効率化や、NANDへの書き込みを減らし、耐久性を高める効果などがある。こちらも非公開の場合もあるが、NANDの種別同様、詳細なテストなどからある程度推察できることもある。DRAMキャッシュを持たず、メインメモリを代用する仕組も使う製品も存在 |
TBW(Total Byte Written) | NANDには書き込み回数の上限があり、それを超えると書き込めなくなる(=寿命)。TBWは耐久性の指標で、寿命に到達するまでにどれだけ書き込めるかを示す値。大きいほうが耐久性に優れる |
保証期間 | 保証期間は信頼性、製品の位置付けを判断する指標として有効。長いほど品質に自信がある製品と考えよう |
The main type of NAND is the mainstream of TLC, which records 3bit per memory cell, and the number of QLC, which records 4bit in the entry class, is also increasing.QLC is advantageous for lower cost and large capacity, but durability and performance are disadvantageous as the number of data that can be recorded per cell increases."SLC Cash" has been introduced to cover the disadvantage.It is a technology that uses a part of the free space as a cash, which is very useful for improving performance, but be careful about the performance deterioration after the cache runs out.
NANDは、1セルあたりに記録できるデータの量が増えるほど容量が増やしやすくなるが、書き込み回数は低下する。“単純な構造ほど速く長寿命”、“高密度化すると容量が増やしやすい”が基本だSLCキャッシュの働きを示す転送速度推移の例(WD_BLACK SN850を使用)。SSDに対してファイルを連続して書き込む際、SLCキャッシュに十分な空きがある場合は最高速でデータが転送されるが、SLCキャッシュを使い切ると転送速度が落ち込む。ただ、日常使用でここまで極端な連続書き込みを行なうケースはそう多くないSLCキャッシュの容量はSSDの空き領域のサイズに左右されることが多く、空き容量が多いほど、大きなSLCキャッシュが確保される(グラフはWD_BLACK SN850 1TBモデルの例)。SSDにはデータを詰め込み過ぎず、ある程度の空き容量を確保して運用するのがベスト。また、大容量モデルほどSLCキャッシュがたくさん確保できるためピーク性能も高い傾向にあるFor durability, there is also a clear indicator called TBW (TOTAL BYTE WRITTEN).It is a value indicating how much it can be written before it reaches the life, and the larger number is more durable.It is more advantageous to have a large capacity (with many memory cells), so be aware that it is necessary to look at the numerical value per capacity when comparing.
製品のスペックシートには当然重要な情報が詰まっている(画面はWD Blue SN550 NVMeの例)。同じ製品でも容量によっても詳細なパフォーマンスは異なる場合があり、大容量モデルほど高性能になる傾向が高い。中でも「耐久性」の指標であるTBWは、大容量モデルが数倍大きくなる。価格は高いが、とくに2TB以上のモデルは「容量が大きくて高速、しかも耐久性も高い」とメリットも大きいIn the HDD, brand divisions for each application are more popular.Its ancestors are Western Digital's "color coding" branding.The hardware and firmware are optimized for each application, the color is featured, the characteristic is clearly expressed, and the application is classified in an easy -to -understand manner.The current HDD structure is quite complicated, and the firmware optimization is indispensable.Selecting from the HDD that suits the application is probably a shortcut to building a good system.
HDDの用途提案と言えば、Western Digitalの“色分け”が有名。現在個人ユーザー向けとしては、汎用の青「WD Blue」、NAS向けの赤「WD Red」シリーズ、ゲーマーやクリエイター向けの黒「WD_BLACK」、監視システム向けの紫「WD Purple」、エンタープライズ向けの金「WD Gold」、というラインナップが展開されており、それぞれ用途や使用環境に最適化されたチューンが施されているIn general PC systems, most of them are used for data storage, so Western Digital is the most popular.If you want to use your PC more frequently and want to emphasize reliability, you may want to choose "WD RED", which is for the NAS, which is for NAS.
In the case of a product lineup of Western Digital, a large -capacity model with a 10TB or more is filled with a helium gas instead of air at the manufacturing stage, so that the number of platters increases, accuracy and decrease in accuracy and decrease in failure., A lineup of products that have realized power saving, quietness, and heat generated by reducing air resistance.There may not be many cases where this size HDD may be selected for personal use, but if you want a large -capacity HDD, the performance and security of the helium filling type are great.
One of the uses of HDDs has been high in demand in recent years, a storage device that is used directly to the network called NAS (Network Attached Storage).It can be accessed via a network from mobile terminals such as PCs and smartphones, AV equipment, etc., and can save and play files such as documents, photos, videos, etc. on the NAS.Various data can be shared because it can be accessed from multiple devices.
NAS製品にはさまざまなスタイルのものがあるが、自分でストレージ(HDDを使うのが一般的)を組み込んで設定できるタイプだと、ストレージの台数や容量をコントロールしやすくて便利。冗長性を持たせるなら、2台以上のHDDを搭載できる製品を選ぼうYou can also set up multiple people at the same time and detailed access restrictions, so you can share files in departments and companies for the whole family at home, so data consolidation and storage efficiency.It also leads to typical use.
Since the NAS is a shared storage, it is very important that the system is stable and can be placed with confidence.Therefore, by built -in multiple HDDs, you can use a function called "RAID" that aims to be redundant (if the HDD can be maintained even if the HDD occurs), and the speeding up.There are many products."Polishing 24 hours a day, 365 days a year" and "Operation on RAID" are important factors required for NAS HDDs, and the NAS HDD is widely appealed for the general public.The original product is Western Digital's "WD Red" series.
“WD Red”を冠するHDD/SSDは複数あり、HDDの「WD Red」はSMR方式で容量が2~6TB、「WD Red Plus」はCMR方式で容量が1~14TB。このほか、さらに大規模な環境向けの「WD Red Pro」も販売されている。SSDの「WD Red SA500 NAS SATA SSD」は2.5インチとM.2があり容量は500GB~4TB(M.2は2TB)、NASのパフォーマンスを向上させる“SSDキャッシュ”としても活用できる、24時間365日稼働に耐える設計のSSDとなっているUp to this point, we have explained mainly for internal PC users, focusing on built -in storage, but many "external storage", which has been widely used as a PC peripheral device since ancient times, has continued to appear.More diverse products have been distributed than before, with the help of the generalization of small HDDs, the spread of SSDs, and the representative standards for external peripheral connections that are easy to handle and to speed up the USB standard.are doing.
In particular, the external SSD with a combination of “high -speed SSD + high -speed USB” has reached the specifications that should be noted from the viewpoint of our own PC user, because of the compact shape and the reading and writing performance that exceeds the internal HDD.I love a small PC case and have no room for storage, I want to share storage with laptops, etc., empty USB 3.If you want to make effective use of 2 ports, why not include it in your options?
USB 3.2 Gen2対応の外付けSSD「My Passport SSD」(左)と、USB 3.2 Gen2x2対応の「WD_BLACK P50 Game Drive SSD」(右)。シーケンシャルリード性能はそれぞれ1,050MB/sおよび2,000MB/sに達しており、内蔵のSerial ATA SSDの速度を大きく上回る非常に高いパフォーマンスを誇るFinally, let's look at a practical example.Selecting and using storage is a big point for using PCs comfortably.The specific examples are introduced by application and utilization scene, so please refer to the selection of products.
Using a high -performance storage can reduce the start and load time of the game, so you can play comfortably.PCI Express 4.It is better to use a 0 high -speed SSD as an OS and an OS to install a game, evacuate a game with a decreased play frequency, or prepare and use a drive to save your past play videos.See.A small game / data storage area does not require advanced reliability to use RAID, so SSDs and HDDs with good cospa middle range or HDD may be fine.
What I want to be creative and particularly important is the cache (virtual memory) area that will frequently access.Pci Express 4 here.If you use the compatible high -end NVME SSD, the performance of the work will be improved.The OS / app drive is enough for a moderately high -speed NVME SSD.In addition, I would like to consider using RAID -configured NAS and external storage while using a large -capacity and good cospa SSD and HDD for the drive that keeps completed works and materials.
Even in the entry -class SSD, random access performance is several tens of times the HDD.Simply replacing the OS drive of an old PC equipped with an HDD with SSD will make it much more comfortable.Data migration tools are convenient when replacing, but in the case of Western Digital SSD, "Acronis True Image WD Edition" is available free of charge.The entire environment can be copied from the old HDD to the new SSD with the clone function, and it can be used comfortably and comfortably without the hassle of re -installation / reconstruction of the environment.
自作PCなら空いているSerial ATAポートやM.2スロットを、ノートPCならUSB接続の外付けSSDケースなどを利用すれば、システムドライブのクローン作業は簡単。パフォーマンスアップの効果も抜群だストレージの乗り換えの効果はかなり大きく、HDDからSSDへの換装ともなると、誰もが体感できるレベルで大幅に性能が向上する。単純なWindowsの起動、アプリの使用感アップなど、確実な効果が期待できるAs digitalization is progressing, many families will have PCs and smartphones.NAS is the best way to store and share photos and videos of family memories at home.With one NAS, data can be easily shared on the PC of the whole family via a network, and it is easy to control access by children who are uneasy for erroneous operations.For storing such important data, I would like to take a perfect system in which reliable NAS HDDs are used in a RAID 1 or higher configuration.
製品にもよるが、NASにはPCやスマホのファイルからテレビやレコーダで録画した番組などまで保存可能。家庭内のデータを集約・保管するのに便利な存在NASに使うならば、複数台利用時の温度管理や振動対策もされているWD RedシリーズのようなNAS用HDDが最適。HDD×2のRAID 1、HDD×3以上のRAID 5で運用すれば、データの安全性や障害への強さが期待できる